On Aug. 15, 1818, a child girl named Bridget was born into slavery in Georgia. In truth, it was illegal for a person of coloration to testify against a white particular person in court docket. In 1884, after flash flooding destroyed houses across Los Angeles, Mason opened a tab on the Spring Street grocery store and instructed the owners to offer free food to anybody who needed it, Black or white. As she grew older, she grew to become lovingly referred to as “Aunt Biddy” or “Grandma Mason” throughout Los Angeles. In Mississippi, Biddy lived the typical life of an enslaved girl. Regardless of these unfavorable situations, Decide Hayes took a specific interest in Biddy’s case and met in non-public with Biddy and the other folks Smith owned to listen to their side of the story. While the Smith family traveled in wagons and on horseback, Biddy walked behind, tending the livestock. California was the latest state in the Union, admitted in 1850 as a free state. With the press coverage from the courtroom case, Mason caught the eye of Dr. John Strother Griffin, a prominent white physician who provided her work as a midwife. After saving for 10 years, she adopted the examples of Owens and Griffin, both actual estate buyers, and purchased a bit of land on the outskirts of city among the vineyards and orange groves. The Smiths stayed just a few quick years in Salt Lake Metropolis before setting out for San Bernardino, California, in 1851 the place the Mormon church was building a missionary outpost. Even with California’s sturdy anti-slavery stance, the regulation was very much in favor of whites over Blacks and different people of coloration. For the rest of her life, she was referred to as Biddy Mason. She and her daughters lived alongside the Owens family, who continued to be terrific helps and close associates. For seven months, she trekked 1,600 miles (2,754 kilometers) from Mississippi to Utah along with her 10-year-outdated daughter, 4-year-outdated daughter and an infant on her breast. However Biddy’s story is different. By the point of her death in 1891 at age 73, she had amassed a fortune of $300,000 (more than $9 million in 2023 dollars), which, as we saw earlier, she generously used to assist others. Biddy possible realized the duties of a midwife – which included using medicinal herbs and fundamental nursing skills – from fellow enslaved people steeped in conventional information. Biddy’s story takes us from the muggy cotton fields of Mississippi to the frontier boomtown of Los Angeles, the place Biddy turns into one in all the city’s most sought-after midwives and parlays her earnings into a small actual-estate empire. In 1872, the first African Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in her dwelling room and she put up the funds to pay the minister and pay the church’s property taxes. Indeed, one in all her daughters married Robert Owens’ son. However a cavalry led by Robert Owens, a Black vaquero who owned several stables in Los Angeles, tracked Smith down and the native sheriff presented a writ of habeas corpus demanding that Biddy and her fellow enslaved individuals be launched. Relatively than accepting Smith’s claims that the enslaved women and kids were “members of his household” who left Mississippi on their very own consent, Choose Hayes chose to believe Biddy, who confessed that she was terribly afraid to be taken to Texas. This was the life of an enslaved Black girl in the Deep South. But earlier than we arrive at that joyful ending, there are decades of degradation to endure and 1000’s of miles of country to cross. And Smith had bribed Biddy’s lawyer not to appear in court docket. She was property to be purchased, offered, punished and even violated if the master so happy. Mason additionally acted as a nurse to inmates in the county jail. Together with her decades of expertise, she quickly became one of the vital in-demand midwives in Los Angeles, catering to the needs of both rich residents and impoverished new arrivals. On this context, all slaves’ courage in risking a public test of white males’s justice is placing. Nervous that the authorities would strive to take away his property, Smith moved his family and enslaved people to an encampment within the Santa Monica Mountains and deliberate an escape to slavery-pleasant Texas. One in all the primary issues Biddy did as a free girl was to decide on a last name for herself. Robert Smith was an early convert to the fledgling Mormon religion and in 1847 determined to relocate his family, in addition to his enslaved individuals, to the Utah Territory. She was expected to labor within the cotton fields, but in addition help in the home, primarily as a midwife during the births of Rebecca Smith’s six youngsters. In a small Los Angeles park not far from Biddy’s first house on Spring Road, there is a modest memorial to the exceptional lady who was one among LA’s first Black female landowners and a compassionate benefactor to all. Smith fought the decree and the case ended up in entrance of Judge Benjamin Hayes of the first District Court in Los Angeles. She was bought as an infant to new masters who known as her Biddy. It’s the story of a powerful and humble woman who endured terrific hardships earlier than bravely fighting for her household’s freedom and profitable. Any slave’s liked ones could be put on the block – husband, spouse, little one – and bought, never to be seen again. Her homestead on Spring Road would grow to be a refuge, not only for her growing household, but for all Los Angelenos in want of a serving to hand. The California Constitution was rare in its powerful denunciation of slavery, promising, “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude except for the punishment of crimes shall ever be tolerated on this state.” Throughout her time there, Biddy befriended different free Blacks who informed her about this law, though she appears to have been unsure as to whether it utilized to her as she continued to serve the Smith family. Biddy Mason famously stated. Historian Dolores Hayden writes that Biddy’s decision to stand as much as Smith was an act of profound bravery. By this time, Biddy had three daughters of her personal. When Biddy turned 18, she was introduced as a wedding ceremony reward to Robert Marion Smith and his wife Rebecca in Mississippi. As she slowly amassed more wealth with investment properties, Mason freely gave to community members in want.

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